Definition
A Full Reptend Prime is a prime \(p\) for which \(1/p\) has \(p-1\) digits in its decimal expansion. Moreover, a prime \(p\) is full reptend if and only if 10 is a primitive root modulo \(p\). This means that $$ \begin{align*} 10^k \equiv 1 \mod p \end{align*} $$ for \(k = p - 1\) and not \(k\) less than that. In other words, the multiplicative order of \(10\) modulo \(p\) is \(p-1\).


Example

Recall that the multiplicative order of \(a\) when \(a\) is coprime to \(n\), is the smallest \(k\) such that \(a^k \equiv 1 \mod n\). Here set \(n = p\) and \(a = 10\), the multiplicative order of \(10\) modulo \(p\) is then the smallest \(k\) for which \(10^k \equiv 1 \mod p\).

As an example, set \(p = 7\), observe that

$$ \begin{align*} 10^1 &\equiv 3 \mod 7 \\ 10^2 &\equiv 2 \mod 7 \\ 10^3 &\equiv 6 \mod 7 \\ 10^4 &\equiv 4 \mod 7 \\ 10^5 &\equiv 5 \mod 7 \\ 10^6 &\equiv 1 \mod 7 \\ \end{align*} $$

So the multiplicative order of 10 modulo 7 is 6 which is \(7-1\). So 7 is a full reptend prime.



References